Eia kekahi mau kikoʻī no Monel 400:
Ka Hoʻohui Kemika (pakeneka kokoke):
Nikala (Ni): 63%
Keleawe (Cu): 28-34%
Hao (Fe): 2.5%
Manganese (Mn): 2%
Kalapona (C): 0.3%
Silika (Si): 0.5%
Sulfur (S): 0.024%
Nā Waiwai Kino:
Ka nui o ke kaumaha: 8.80 g/cm3 (0.318 lb/in3)
Kiko Heheʻe: 1300-1350°C (2370-2460°F)
Ka Hoʻokele Uila: 34% o ke keleawe
Nā Waiwai Mekanika (Nā Waiwai Maʻamau):
Ikaika tensile: 550-750 MPa (80,000-109,000 psi)
Ikaika hua: 240 MPa (35,000 psi)
Hoʻolōʻihi: 40%
Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka palaho:
ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka palaho ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka wai kai, nā hopena waikawa a me ka alkaline, ka waikawa sulfuric, ka waikawa hydrofluoric, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe he nui.
Nā Hoʻohana Maʻamau:
Nā noi ʻenekinia moana a me ka wai kai
Nā lako hana kemika
Nā mea hoʻololi wela
Nā ʻāpana pamu a me nā valve
Nā ʻāpana o ka ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea
Nā ʻāpana uila a me nā mea uila
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he ʻano hoʻohālikelike wale nō kēia mau kikoʻī a hiki ke ʻokoʻa ma muli o nā kaʻina hana hana kikoʻī a me nā ʻano huahana (e laʻa, pepa, ʻaukā, uea, a pēlā aku). No nā kikoʻī kikoʻī, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nānā i ka ʻikepili a ka mea hana a i ʻole nā kūlana ʻoihana pili.
He mea hoʻohuihui nickel-keleawe paʻakikī ʻo Monel K500 e hāʻawi ana i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi ma nā mahana lumi a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi o nā kikoʻī no Monel K500:
Ka Hoʻohui Kemika:
- Nikala (Ni): 63.0-70.0%
- Keleawe (Cu): 27.0-33.0%
- Alumini (Al): 2.30-3.15%
- Titanium (Ti): 0.35-0.85%
- Hao (Fe): 2.0% ka palena kiʻekiʻe
- Manganese (Mn): 1.5% ka nui loa
- Kalapona (C): 0.25% ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa
- Silika (Si): 0.5% ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa
- Sulfur (S): 0.010% ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa
Nā Waiwai Kino:
- Ka nui o ke kinoea: 8.44 g/cm³ (0.305 lb/in³)
- Kiko Heheʻe: 1300-1350°C (2372-2462°F)
- Ka Hoʻokele Wela: 17.2 W/m·K (119 BTU·in/h·ft²·°F)
- Ke kū'ē uila: 0.552 μΩ·m (345 μΩ·in)
Nā Waiwai Mekanika (ma ka mahana o ka lumi):
- Ikaika Tensile: 1100 MPa (160 ksi) ka palena iki
- Ikaika Hua: 790 MPa (115 ksi) ka palena iki
- Elongation: 20% ka palena iki
Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka palaho:
- Hōʻike ʻo Monel K500 i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano kaiapuni ʻino like ʻole, me ka wai kai, ka brine, nā waikawa, nā alkalis, a me nā wahi kinoea ʻawaʻawa e loaʻa ana ka hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
- He kūpaʻa loa ia i ka pitting, crevice corrosion, a me ka stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
- Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka metala i nā kūlana hōʻemi a me ka oxidizing.
Nā noi:
- Nā ʻāpana moana, e like me nā ʻau propeller, nā ʻau pamu, nā kiwikā, a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa.
- Nā lako hana ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea, me nā pamu, nā kiwikā, a me nā mea paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
- Nā pūnāwai a me nā ʻūpā i nā wahi kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe.
- Nā ʻāpana uila a me nā ʻāpana uila.
- Nā noi aerospace a me ka pale kaua.
He mau alakaʻi laulā kēia mau kikoʻī, a hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā waiwai kikoʻī ma muli o ke ʻano o ka huahana a me ka mālama wela. Manaʻo mau ʻia e nīnau i ka mea hana a mea hoʻolako paha no ka ʻike loea kikoʻī e pili ana iā Monel K500.
ʻO Monel 400 a me Monel K-500 nā mea hoʻohuihui ʻelua i loko o ka moʻo Monel a he like nā ʻano kemika, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nickel a me ke keleawe. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā mea ʻelua e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ko lākou mau waiwai a me nā noi.
ʻAno Kemika: Ua haku ʻia ʻo Monel 400 me kahi o 67% nickel a me 23% keleawe, me nā liʻiliʻi o ka hao, manganese, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia ka Monel K-500 ma kahi o 65% nickel, 30% keleawe, 2.7% alumini, a me 2.3% titanium, me nā liʻiliʻi o ka hao, manganese, a me ka silicon. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka alumini a me ka titanium i loko o Monel K-500 e hāʻawi iā ia i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me Monel 400.
Ikaika a me ka Paʻakikī: Ua kaulana ʻo Monel K-500 no kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ma o ka hoʻopaʻakikī ʻana i ka ua. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻoi aku ka palupalu o Monel 400 a he haʻahaʻa ka ikaika o ka hua a me ka tensile.
Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻAi ʻino: Hōʻike ʻo Monel 400 a me Monel K-500 i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka ʻai ʻino ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka wai kai, nā waikawa, nā alkalis, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe.
Nā noi: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Monel 400 i nā noi e like me ka ʻenekinia moana, ka hana kemika, a me nā mea hoʻololi wela, ma muli o kona kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pala a me ka conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe. ʻO Monel K-500, me kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī, loaʻa nā noi i nā ʻāpana pamu a me nā valve, nā mea paʻa, nā pūnāwai, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala i nā wahi ʻino.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ke koho ma waena o Monel 400 a me Monel K-500 e pili ana i nā koi kikoʻī no ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala i kahi noi i hāʻawi ʻia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-24-2023